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SVTPerformance's Chain of Restaurants
Road Side Pub
Could this admin be the end to our passion and some of our careers?
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<blockquote data-quote="Blk04L" data-source="post: 16563896" data-attributes="member: 48574"><p>Found this interesting and somewhat related to OP </p><p></p><p><em>As an example, the second largest refinery in the United States, Marathon Oil’s GaryVille Louisiana facility, can handle over 520,000 barrels a day (bpd) of heavy sour crude from places like Mexico and Canada but can’t handle sweet domestic crude from New Mexico.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p> <em></em></p><p><em>Thus the reason for the Keystone Pipeline or increased rail transport - to get heavy tar sand crude to refineries in the American Midwest and along the Gulf Coast than can handle it.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p> <em></em></p><p><em>Recently, Shell’s Baytown refinery in Texas, the largest in the nation, was expanded to 600,000 bpd. Most of the big refineries can handle heavy crude, but many smaller refineries can process only light to intermediate crude oil, most of which originates within the U.S.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p> <em>However, in the 1990s after production of sweet domestic crude had significantly declined from mid-century highs, the big companies like Exxon, Shell, CITCO and Valero spent billions upon billions of dollars to retool their refineries to handle foreign heavy crudes like <a href="https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Tar_sands" target="_blank">Alberta tar sands</a>.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p><em>A rail tank car carries about 30,000 gallons (÷ 42 gallons/barrel = about 700 barrels). A train of 100 cars carries about 3 million gallons (70,000 barrels) and takes over 3 days to travel from Alberta to the Gulf Coast, about a million gallons per day. The Keystone will carry about 35 million gallons per day (830,000 barrels). This puts pressure on rail transport to get bigger and bigger, and include more cars per train, the very reason that crude oil train wrecks have dramatically increased lately.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p> <em></em></p><p><em>The <a href="https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43390.pdf" target="_blank">Congressional Research Service</a> estimates that transporting crude oil by pipeline is cheaper than rail, about $5/barrel versus $10 to $15/barrel. But rail is more flexible and has 140,000 miles of track in the United States compared to 57,000 miles of crude oil pipelines. Building rail terminals to handle loading and unloading is a lot cheaper, and less of a hassle, than building and permitting pipelines.</em></p><p><em></em></p><p><em><a href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesconca/2018/10/11/which-is-safer-for-transporting-crude-oil-rail-truck-pipeline-or-boat/?sh=51795f0b7b23" target="_blank">Which Is Safer For Transporting Crude Oil: Rail, Truck, Pipeline Or Boat?</a></em></p><p><em></em></p><p><em></em></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Blk04L, post: 16563896, member: 48574"] Found this interesting and somewhat related to OP [i]As an example, the second largest refinery in the United States, Marathon Oil’s GaryVille Louisiana facility, can handle over 520,000 barrels a day (bpd) of heavy sour crude from places like Mexico and Canada but can’t handle sweet domestic crude from New Mexico. Thus the reason for the Keystone Pipeline or increased rail transport - to get heavy tar sand crude to refineries in the American Midwest and along the Gulf Coast than can handle it. Recently, Shell’s Baytown refinery in Texas, the largest in the nation, was expanded to 600,000 bpd. Most of the big refineries can handle heavy crude, but many smaller refineries can process only light to intermediate crude oil, most of which originates within the U.S. However, in the 1990s after production of sweet domestic crude had significantly declined from mid-century highs, the big companies like Exxon, Shell, CITCO and Valero spent billions upon billions of dollars to retool their refineries to handle foreign heavy crudes like [URL='https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Tar_sands']Alberta tar sands[/URL]. A rail tank car carries about 30,000 gallons (÷ 42 gallons/barrel = about 700 barrels). A train of 100 cars carries about 3 million gallons (70,000 barrels) and takes over 3 days to travel from Alberta to the Gulf Coast, about a million gallons per day. The Keystone will carry about 35 million gallons per day (830,000 barrels). This puts pressure on rail transport to get bigger and bigger, and include more cars per train, the very reason that crude oil train wrecks have dramatically increased lately. The [URL='https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R43390.pdf']Congressional Research Service[/URL] estimates that transporting crude oil by pipeline is cheaper than rail, about $5/barrel versus $10 to $15/barrel. But rail is more flexible and has 140,000 miles of track in the United States compared to 57,000 miles of crude oil pipelines. Building rail terminals to handle loading and unloading is a lot cheaper, and less of a hassle, than building and permitting pipelines. [URL="https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesconca/2018/10/11/which-is-safer-for-transporting-crude-oil-rail-truck-pipeline-or-boat/?sh=51795f0b7b23"]Which Is Safer For Transporting Crude Oil: Rail, Truck, Pipeline Or Boat?[/URL] [/i] [/QUOTE]
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