Bet the pinion shaft retaining bolt snapped, shot it out of the carrier and all down hill from there. Ive broken plenty of ring/pinion sets and never seen the pinion shaft come out like that.
That's definitely something I haven't seen before as well. Wow! Total destruction there. "Dude, do you think the dealer will cover this? I mean, I launched at 1,500 RPMs!" LOL.